Destination B1, B2, C1&C2

#word_formation

appear - paydo bo'lmoq
disappear - yo'qolmoq
reappear - yana paydo bo'lmoq
appearance - qiyofa
dis/reappearance - yo'q bo'lib ketish
apparition - paydo bo'lish
apparent - shubhasiz
apparently - ehtimol

appreciate - yu'qori baholamoq, qadrlamoq
appreciation - minnatdorchilik, qimmatlashish
appreciable - sezilarli
appreciably - sezilarli
appreciative - shukr
appreciatively - minnatdorchilik
unappreciatively - qadrsiz

associate - kasbdosh
dissociate - bir-biridan ajratmoq
association - jamiyat, birlashma
associate - bog'lamoq
associated - birlashgan

attach - yopishtirmoq
reattach - qayta ulash
attachment - yaqinlik tuyg'usi
(un) attached - yopishtiril(ma)gan

character - xarakter
characterise - ta'riflamoq
characterisation - ta'rif
(un)characteristic - o'ziga xos fazilat(siz)
characterless - irodasiz

connect - bog'lamoq, biriktirmoq
disconnect - ajratmoq
reconnect - qayta ulanmoq
interconnect - bog'lanmoq
connection - aloqa
(dis/re)connection - ajratish (inter)connecting - (o'zaro)bog'lanish
(un/dis/inter)connected - o'zaro bogʻlan(ma)gan
connector - ulagich

familiar - yaqin
familiarise - tanishtirmoq
familiarity - yaqin tanish
unfamiliarity - notanishlik
unfamiliar - begona
familiarly - yaqindan

human - inson
humanise - odamga aylantirmoq
humanity - insoniyat
humanism - insonparvarlik
humanist - insonparvar
humanities - gumanitar fanlar
humanitarian - insonparvarlik, gumanist
humane - odamiy
humanly - insonlarcha

individual - shaxs
individualise - individual yondashmoq
individualisation - individuallashtirish
individuality - shaxsiyat
individualist - individualist
individually - alohida-alohida

inherit - meros qilib olmoq
inheritance - meros
heritage - meros qolgan mulk
heredity - nasldan naslga o'tish
hereditary - odat tusiga kirgan

intimate - yaqin
intimacy - yaqinlik
intimately - yaqindan

loyal - sodiq
(dis)loyalty - sadoqat(sizlik)
disloyal - vafosiz
(dis)loyally - sodiqlik bila /bevafolik bilan

observe - kuzatish
observation - kuzatuv
observance - rioya qilish
observer - kuzatuvchi
observatory - rasadxona
observable - kuzatishi mumkin
observant - kuzatuvchi
observably - kuzatishi mumkin

parent - ota-ona
parenting - ota-onalik
parentage - ota-onalik
parenthood - ota-onalik
parental(ly) - ota-ona(dan)

perceive - sezmoq
perception - idrok
perceptiveness - sezuvchanlik
(im)perceptible - seziladigan/sezilmas
(im)perceptibly - sezib/sezmay
perceptive(ly) - sezgir(lik)

person - odam
personalise - shaxsiylashtirish
impersonate - taqlid qilish
personality - shaxsiyat
personnel - xodimlar
interpersonal - shaxslar aro
personalised - shaxsiylashtirilgan
(im)personal - shaxsiy/shaxssiz
impersonal(ly) - shaxssiz

race - poyga
racism - iqchilik
racist - irqchi
interracial - millatlararo
racial(ly) - irqiy

relate - bog'lash
relation - munosabat
relationship - munosabatlar
(un)related - bog'liq(bo'lmagan)
relative(ly) - qarindosh/nisbatan

self -o'zini
(un)selfishness -xudbinlik/fidoyilik
selflessness - fidoyilik
(un)selfish - xudbin
unselfish(ly) - xudbin/beg'araz
selfless(ly) - fidoiy/fidokorona

separate - alohida
separation - ajratish
(in)separable - ajratil(may)digan
separated - ajratilgan
separately - alohida

sympathy - hamdardlik
sympathise - hamdardlik
sympathiser - xayrixoh
(un)sympathetic - hamdardlik/hamdard emas
(un)sympathetically - hamdatdlik bilan

young - yosh
youngster - yosh bola, o‘spirin
youth - yoshlar
youthful - yoshlik

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#idioms

be born with a silver spoon in your mouth - boy yoki badavlat oilada tug'ilgan shu sababdan afzalliklarga ega

be on the same wavelength - odatda biror inson bilan bir xil fikrga va tushunchaga ega bo'lganligingiz uchun uni fikrini tushunish

get on like a house on fire - juda tez yaxshi do'st bo'lish va bir-biri bilan gaplashadigan ko'p narsalarga ega bo'lish

in sb’s bad/good books - kimningdir sizdan g'azablangan/mamnun ekanligini aytish uchun ishlatiladi

like two peas in a pod - ikki kishining tashqi ko'rinishi, o'zini tutishi yoki o'ylashi bir xil ekanligini aytish uchun ishlatiladi

on good terms (with) - kimdir bilan yaxshi munosabatda bo'lish

put sth in perspective - boshqalari bilan solishtirganda biror narsaning qanchalik yaxshi, yomon, muhim va hokazo ekanligini baholashning oqilona usulini taqdim etish

sb is only human - kimningdir ko'pchilik ojiz bo'lgan o'rinlarda ojiz bo'lganligi va ularning bu xatti-harakatlari uchun ayblanmasligi kerak ekanligini aytish uchun ishlatiladi

see eye to eye (with sb) - kimdir bilan rozi bo'lish yoki ular bilan bir xil fikrga ega bo'lish

your flesh and blood - qarindoshingiz

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#phrases_patterns_collocations

person - shaxs, odam
do sth in person - shaxsan o'zi borib ...ishni qilmoq
meet sb in person - ...bilan yuzma-yuz ko'rishmoq, shaxsan uchrashmoq

relative - 1) nisbiy; 2) qarindosh
it's (all) relative - (bari) qiyosiy, nisbatan, oldingisiga solishtirganda/qaraganda
relative to - 1) ...ga taqqoslaganda, ...ga nisbatan; 2) ...ga aloqador
close/near relative - yaqin qarindosh
distant relative - uzoq qarindosh
a relative of yours - qarindosh
relative clause/pronoun - nisbiy kelishik/olmosh

respect - hurmat
respect sb for - biror kimni ...uchun hurmat qilmoq
respect sb as - biror kimni ...sifatida hurmat qilmoq
gain/lose sb's respect - ...ning hurmatini qozonmoq/yo'qotmoq
command/deserve/earn/win respect - hurmatga sazovor bo'lmoq/loyiq bo'lmoq/qozonmoq/qo'lga kiritmoq
treat sb with respect - ...ga hurmat bilan muomala qilmoq
with respect to - ...borasida, bo'yicha
in this/that respect - bu borada/bo'yicha

support - qo'llab-quvvatlamoq
support doing sth - ...qilishni yoqlamoq, tarafini olmoq, qo'llab-quvvatlamoq
support sb (financially) - ...ni (moliyaviy tomonlama) qo'llab-quvvatlamoq
support an idea - g'oyani qo'llab-quvvatlamoq, olg'a surmoq
support a team - biror jamoaga muxlislik qilmoq, boleshshiylik qilmoq
offer support - yordam taklif qilmoq, qo'llab-quvvatlamoq
in support of - ...ni yoqlab, qo'llab-quvvatlab

wedding - nikoh, to'y
wedding anniversary - to'y yubileyi
wedding cake - to'y to'rti
wedding ceremony - nikoh bazmi, to'y bazmi
wedding dress - nikoy ko'ylagi
wedding invitation - to'yga taklifnoma
wedding ring - nikoh uzugi
wedding present - nikoh sovg'asi

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#phrases_patterns_collocations

human - inson, odam
human behaviour - insonlarning o'ziga xos xususiyatlari, o'zini qanday tutishi
human being - inson, odam
human error - inson omili natijasida yo'l qo'yilgan xato (robot yoki texnologiya sababli emas)
human nature - inson tabiati, inson xilqati
human race - insoniyat, odamzot, inson zoti
human rights - inson huquqlari

love - sevgi, sevmoq
love to do - ...qilishni sevmoq, yoqtirmoq
love doing - ...qilishni sevmoq, yoqtirmoq
give/send your love to - ...ga salom deb qo'ymoq, so'rab qo'ymoq
(fall) in love (with sb) - (...bilan) ishqiy munosabatda (...ni sevib olmoq, yoqtirib qolmoq)
love for - ...ga bo'lgan sevgisi, muhabbati
true love - chin muhabbat, haqiqiy sevgi
love at first sight - bir ko'rishdagi muhabbat
love affair - sevishib yurish, don olishish, ishqiy munosabat (nikohdan avvalgi)
loved ones - suyukli insonlar: oila, qadrdonlar

marriage - nikoh, turmush
(related) by marriage - er yoki xotin tomondan (qarindosh)
marriage guidance - turmushida muammolari bor bo'lgan juftlikka mutaxassislar tomonidan beriladigan maslahat va tavsiyalar
marriage vows - ont, nikoh qurayotganda ichiladigan qasam (turmush o'rtog'imning yaxshi-yomon kunlarida birga bo'lish, unga sodiq qolish, ... haqidagi)
marriage of convenience - moddiy, siyosiy yoxud shaxsiy manfaatlarni ko'zlab tuzilgan turmush

mother - ona
the mother of - ...ning onasi
mother country - 1) ona vatan; 2) mustamlakachi davlat
mother-in-law - qaynona
motherland - ona yurt, ona tuproq
Mother Nature - Ona Tabiat
Mother's Day - Onalar Kuni/Bayrami
mother-to-be - bo'lg'usi ona, xomilador ayol
mother tongue - ona tili

national - milliy, umumxalq
in the national interest - millat foydasini ko'zlab
national anthem - davlat madhiyasi
national costume/dress - milliy ust-bosh, libos/ko'ylak
national debt - davlatning jami qarzdorligi
national holiday - milliy bayram, tantana

native - asl vatani ...bo'lgan, mansub, xos
go native - (xorijiy davlatda yashayotgan odamga nisbatan) mahalliy aholidek yashab, o'zini ulardek tutishga urinmoq
native to - ma'lum bir joyga mansub, asl vatani bo'lgan, tegishli
a native of - ...lik, ...da tug'ilib o'sgan, asl vatani/tili/millati...
native speaker - ona tili ... bo'lgan odam
non-native speaker - ...tilni gapirishni o'rgangan odam (ikkinchi til sifatida)
native land - tug'ilib o'sgan tuprog'i
native species - ...asl vatani bo'lgan, o'sha yerga mansub hayvon/o'simlik turlari

near - yaqin
near to (doing sth) - (...bo'lishiga) sal qolmoq, bir bahiya qolmoq
the near future - yaqin kelajak, tez/yaqin fursat
from near and far - uzoq yaqindan, ham yaqin atrofdan va ham uzoq yerlardan
a near thing - sal qolsa yomon oqibat bilan tugashi mumkin bo'lgan, ammo yaxshilik bilan tugagan holat, vaziyat
the nearest thing to - ...ga eng yaqin keladigan, eng o'xshaydigan odam/narsa
your nearest and dearest - yaqin oila a'zolari va do'stlari, jigarbandlari

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#phrases_patterns_collocations

born - tug'ilgan
born to do - ...qilish uchun tug'ilgan, tug'ilganidanoq ...qilish taqdiriga yozilgan
born on/in - ...sanada/yilda tug'ilgan
born of - ...millatga mansub ota-onadan tug'ilgan
born into - biror turdagi oilada tug'ilgan (qashshoq/boy-badavlat/musiqashunos/yozuvchilar oilasi...)
born and bred - tug'ilib o'sgan
born-again - qayta tug'ilgan, diniy qarashlari o'zgargan, e'tiqodli
newborn - endigina/yangi tug'ilgan

child - bola
as a child - bolalikda
only child - oiladagi yolg'iz farzand
a child of - ...yoshdagi farzand
child abuse - bolaga zulm o'tkazish, bolani xo'rlash
childcare - bola parvarishi (asosan, ota-ona ishda bo'lgan paytda)
child's play - juda oson, hattoki yosh bola ham qila oladigan darajada
child support - aliment

common - 1) ko'p uchraydigan, keng tarqalgan; 2) umumiy, o'xshash
have sth in common (with sb) - (...bilan) o'xshash jihati bo'lmoq, umumiy tomoni bor bo'lmoq
common for sb/sth to do - biror kim/narsa ...qilishi odatiy hol, bo'lib turadigan ish
common to - deyarli hamma ....larda uchraydigan, umumiy, o'xshash
common language - umumiy til: guruhdagi hamma gapira oladigan yagona til
the common people - oddiy xalq, xaloyiq
common practice - ommalashgan usul, yo'l, keng tarqalgan uslub

equal - teng
of equal size/quality/value - bir xil o'lchamli/sifatli/qadr-qiymatli
equal in size/quality/value - o'lcham/sifat/qadr-qiymat jihatdan bir xil
equal to - 1) ...ga teng, barobar; 2) ...ga mos, loyiq: biror narsa uddasidan chiqish uchun zarur kuch, jasorat va qobiliyatga ega
roughly equal (to) - chamasi/taxminan (...ga) teng
equal rights - teng haq-huquqlar

family - oila
have/start a family - oila qurmoq: farzandli bo'lmoq
nuclear family - faqatgina ota-ona va farzandlardan tashkil topgan oila
extended family - ota-ona va farzandlardan tashqari, bobo-buvi/amma-xola/amaki-tog'alar ham yashaydigan oila
single-parent family - yolg'iz ona yoki ota boshchiligidagi oila
a family of - ...a'zodan iborat oila
in the family - oilada
one of the family - oila a'zosi
family tree - oila shajarasi
family name - familiya
family values - oilaviy qadriyatlar

feature - 1) xususiyat, jihat, fazilat; 2) o'z ichiga olmoq
feature sb/sth in - biror kim/narsani ...(masalan, kino)da o'z ichiga olmoq, ko'rsatmoq
a feature of - ...ning o'ziga xos xususiyati, jihati, qismi
distinguishing feature - ajratib turuvchi jihat, farqlabtiruvchi xususiyat
safety features - xavfsizlik xususiyatlari/qismlari
feature film - hikoyaga asoslangan odatiy uzunlikdagi kino (shunchaki hujjatli film emas)
feature writer - ...haqida maxsus maqolalar yozuvchi

friend - do'st
make friends (with) - (...bilan) do'st tutunmoq
close/good/great friend - yaqin/yaxshi/zo'r do'st
old friend - qadrdon do'st, azaliy do'st
friend of the family - oilaning tanishi, butun oila taniydigan va yoqtiradigan yaqin tanish
family friend - oilaning tanishi, butun oila taniydigan va yoqtiradigan tanish
circle of friends - do'stlar davrasi, guruhi, doirasi
friends with - ...bilan do'st, oshna, tanish

generation - avlod
the older/younger generation - yoshi kattaroq/kichikroq avlod
generation gap - yosh avlod va ularning ota-onasining qarashlari o'rtasidagi tafovut (bu odatda ular o'rtasida tushunmovchiliklar kelib chiqishiga sabab bo'ladi)
Generation X - X avlodi: 1960-1975 yillar oralig'ida tug'ilgan va hayotda maqsadini topolmagan, o'zini jamiyatga zarurmas deb qaraydigan avlod vakillari
future generations - kelajak avlodlar

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#phrasal_verbs

answer back - gap qaytarmoq 
ask out - ushrashuvga taklif qilmoq
break up - orani ochiq qilmoq; tugatmoq; parchalanmoq
bring out - biror kishidagi hislatni fosh qilmoq
bring together - yig’moq (masalan: sinfdoshlarni)
bump into - tasodifan uchratib qolmoq; urib olmoq
cancel out - ta'sirini yo'qotmoq
come between - orasiga tushib buzmoq
crowd around - to'da bo'lib bormoq
go together - bir-biri bilan to’g’ri kelmoq, most kelmoq 
meet up - ushrashmoq
open up - yuragini ochmoq; qulflangan eshikni ochmoq
pick on - zulum qilmoq
sound out - suhbatlashish orqali kimnidir tuyg’ularini, fikrlarini bilib olmoq
take after - o’xshamoq
take to - yoqtira boshlamoq

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#topic_vocabulary: People

aquaintance - tanish bilish
adopt - qabul qilmoq, o'g'il qilib asramoq
ancestor - ajdod
citizen - fuqaro
companion - hamroh
dependant - qaram,tobe
descendant - avlod, zurriyot
empathise - ifodalamoq, ta'qidlamoq
extrovert - faqat o'z manfaatini ko'zlaydigan kishi, faqat tashqi muhit bilan qiziqadigan
foster - tarbiyalamoq
guardian - vasiy, pospon
introvert - hissiyotlarga beriladigan
partner - sherik
peer - tengdosh
predecessor - ajdod, ota bobo
sibling - aka uka
spouse - turmush o'rtog'i
stepmother - o'gay ona
successor - voris, davomchi
sympathise - achinmoq, rahmi kelmoq

@destination_b1_b2_c1

Destination C1&C2

Unit 24. Relationships and people

#topic_vocabulary: Relationships

adjacent - yaqin, yonma yon
attach - bog'lamoq, biriktirmoq, maxkamlamoq
bond - birikmoq, aloqa, rishta
coexist - birga yashamoq, birga mavjud bo'lmoq
coherent - asosli va aqlli bog'langan
compatible - mos keluvchan
comprise - ichiga olmoq
compromise - murosaga kelmoq
conflict - nizo, qarshi chiqmoq
confront - yuzma yuz kelmoq, dadil bormoq
consistent - to'g'ri keladigan, izchil
contradict - qarshi chiqmoq
contrasting - o'zgacha,farqli
coorporate - birga ish olib bormoq
correspond - mos kelmoq, muvofiq bo'lmoq
dispute - tortishmoq, tortishuv
distinguish - farqlamoq
diverse - turli
divorce - ajralish
equivalent - teng qiymatli
exclude - haydamoq, chiqarmoq
external - tashqi, xorijiy
identify(with) - tanimoq, aniqlamoq
integral - ajralmas, muhim, ahamiyatli
integrate - bir jamiyatga qo'shilmoq
interfere - aralashmoq, xalaqit bermoq
intermediate - vositachi
internal - ichki
intervene - aralashmoq, xalaqit bermoq
intimate - yaqin, jinsiy, sirdosh
involve - o'z ichiga olmoq
joint - qo'shma, birlashgan
liken - qiyoslamoq, taqqoslamoq
link - aloqa bog'lamoq, ulamoq, aloqa, zanjir
merge - qo'shilmoq, birlashmoq
mutual - ikki tomonlama,
negotiate - kelishmoq, muzokara olib bormoq
related - aloqador, bog'liq
relative - nisbiy, qiyosiy, qarindosh
resemblance - o'xshashlik

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#word_formation

impress - taassurot qoldirish
impression - taassurot
impressiveness - ta'sirchanlik
impressionism - impressionizm
impressionist - impressionist
(un)impressed - taassurot qoldirdi/ta'sirlanmagan
impressionable - ta'sirchan
impressionistic - impressionistik
impressive(ly) - ta'sirli/ta'sirchan
unimpressive(ly) - ta'sirsiz

improve - yaxshilash
improvement - takomillashtirish
improvable - yaxshilanishi mumkin
improved - yaxshilangan

match - mos
matchmaker - sotuvchi
matchmaking - kelishish
matchstick - gugurt cho'pi
matchwood - gugurt daraxti
matchbox - gugurt qutisi
matching - moslashish
unmatched - tengsiz
matchless - tengsiz

perfect - mukammal
(im)perfection - mukammallik/nomukammal
perfectionist - perfektsionist
perfectionism - perfektsionism
perfectible - mukammal
perfectly - mukammal tarzda
imperfect(ly) - nomukammal

quality - sifat
qualitative(ly) - sifatli/sifat jihatdan

strong - kuchli
strengthen - mustahkamlash
strength - kuch
stronghold - qal'a
strongly - kuchli

terror - terror
terrorise - terror qilish
terrify - dahshatli
terrorist - terrorchi
terrorism - terrorizm
terrible - qo'rqinchli
terrific - ajoyib
terrifying - dahshatli
terrified - qo'rqib ketmoq
terribly - dahshatli

use - foydalanish
abuse - suiste'mol qilish
misuse - noto'g'ri foydalanish
reuse - qayta ishlatmoq
overuse - haddan tashqari foydalanish
(ab)user - foydalanuvchi/zo'ravon
usefulness - foydalilik
usage - foydalanish
uselessness - foydasizlik
(un)used - foydalanil(ma)gan
(un)usable - foydalanish mumkin/yaroqsiz
reusable - qayta foydalanish mumkin
abused - suiste'mol qilingan
abusive(ly) - haqoratli(tarzda)
useful(ly) - foydali
useless(ly) - foydasiz

value - qiymat
revalue - qayta baholash
overvalue - ortiqcha qiymat
evaluate - baholash
(re)valuation - (qayta) baholash
evaluation - baholash
overvaluation - ortiqcha baholash
valuer - baholovchi
valuables - qimmatbaho buyumlar
(in)valuable - qimmatli/bebaho
valueless - qadrsiz

worth - qiymat
worthlessness - qadrsizlik
worthy - munosib
worthless - qadrsiz
worthwhile - munosib

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#word_formation

adequate - yetarli
adequacy - yetarlilik
inadequacy - yetishmaslik
inadequate - yetarli bo'lmagan, talabga javob bermaydigan
(in)adequately - yetarlicha (emas)

admire - zavqlanmoq
admiration - zavq-shavq
admirer - ixlosmand
admirable - havas qilsa arziydigan
admirably - hayratlanarli
admiring - zavqqa to'lgan
admiringly - Allohga shukrlar

art - san'at, jinoyatga sherik bo'lmoq
arts - san'at
artfulness - epchillik, ayyorlik
artificiality - sunʼiylik
artist - artist
artiste - estrada artisti
artistry - artistlik qobiliyati, san'atkor tajribasi
artlessness - san'atsizlik
artwork - san'at asari
artifact/artefact - badiiy buyum
artifice - uydirma
arty - badiiylikka da'vo qilingan
artistic(ally) - mohir(lik bilan)
artificial(ly) - sun'iy
artful(ly) - ayyor(lik bilan)
artless(ly) - oddiy(lik bilan)

awe - qo'rqitmoq
awfulness - dahshat
awesomeness - dahshat
awestruck - qo'rqqanidan hurmat qiladigan
awful(ly) - dahshatli (tarzda)
awesome - hayajonga soluvchi
awesomely - ajoyib

class - sinflarga ajratmoq, nav
outclass - ustunlikka ega bo'lmoq
classify - sinflarga ajratmoq
declassify - tasnifini ochish
classics - klassika
classifieds - e'lonlar
classification - tasnif
classlessness - sinfsizlik
classmate - sinfdosh
classroom - sinfxona
classwork - sinf ishi
classic - klassik
classy - eng yaxshi
classless - sinfsiz
(de)classified - tasniflan(ma)di
classical(ly) - klassik (tarzda)

collect - yig'moq
collector - yig'uvchi
collection - kolleksiya
collectable - yig'iladigan
collected - fikr-xayoli bir yerda to'plangan
collective(ly) - birgalikda

destroy - buzmoq, vayron qilmoq
destroyer - buzuvchi
destruction - vayron qilish
indestructible - mustahkam, buzilmas
destructive(ly) - zarar qiladigan

good - yaxshi
goods - mol, tovar
goodness - yaxshilik
goodwill - yaxshi niyat
goody/goodie - shirinliklar

ideal - ideal, bekam-ko'st
idealise - ideallashtirish
idealism - idealizm
idealisation - ideallashtirish
idealist - xayolparast
idealistic - idealizm ruhidagi
idealised - ideallashtirilgan
ideally - a'lo darajada

imitate - taqlid qilmoq
imitation - taqlid
imitator - taqlidchi
imitative - taqlidiy, taqlidga oid
inimitable - yagona

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#idioms

a sight for sore eyes - ko'rganingizdan juda xursand bo'lgan shaxs yoki biror narsa
Achilles’ heel - muvaffaqiyatsizlikka olib kelishi yoki hujumga uchrashi mumkin bo'lgan birovning yoki biror narsaning zaif xususiyati
add fuel to the fire - vaziyatni yanada yomonlashtirmoq(olovga moy sepmoq)
below/under par - odatdagi yoki kutilgan standartdan past
clean as a whistle - butunlay halol yoki qonuniy; nihoyatda toza
draw the line (at) - biror narsaga ruxsat bermasligingizni yoki qabul qilmasligingizni aytish
last word in - narsaning eng yangi va eng yaxshi turi
out of this world - juda yaxshi yoki ta'sirli
over the top - normal yoki mos deb hisoblanganidan ko'proq
pride of place - eng markaziy yoki muhim joyda
steal the show - shou yoki boshqa tadbirda eng yaxshi ijroni ko'rsatganingiz uchun katta e'tiborga ega bo'lish
the edge over - kimnidir yoki biror narsani boshqa odamlar yoki narsalarga qaraganda muvaffaqiyatliroq qiladigan afzallik

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#phrases_patterns_collocations

top - eng tepa, yuqori qism
come out on top - musoboqa yoki bahsda yutib chiqmoq, ustun kelmoq
sth gets on top of you - nazoratidan chiqib ketmoq, hal qilishga haddan tashqari ko'plik qilmoq
at the top of - ...ning eng tepasida, eng yuqori qismida
on top (of) - 1) (...ning) ustida, tepasida; 2) -dan tashqari, uni ustiga, qo'shimcha tarzda
off the top of your head - taxminan, chuqur o'ylamasdan
on top of the world - juda xursand, faxrlanib ketgan
top prize - asosiy sovrin, birinchi o'rin uchun sovrin
top priority - eng ustuvor vazifa, eng ustun maqsad, oliy maqsad
top secret - yuqori darajada sir tutiladigan ma'lumot (ayniqsa boshqa davlatlardan), eng maxfiy sir

worse - yomonroq
get worse - yomonlashmoq
make matters/things worse - vaziyatni og'irlashtirmoq, battar qilmoq
(take a turn) for the worse - (kutilmaganda yoki noodatiy tarzda) yomon(lashmoq)
worse for wear - 1) mast-alast, ichib olgan; 2) ko'p ishlatilgani uchun yomon holatda

worst - eng yomon
do your worst - qo'lidan kelgancha zarar yetkazmoq, xohlagan yomonligini qilmoq
fear the worst - o'lgan degan gumonga bormoq, o'ldi deb o'ylamoq
be your own worst enemy - muammolariga o'zi sababchi bo'lmoq, o'ziga o'zi qilib olmoq
if (the) worst comes to (the) worst - agar vaziyat haddan tashqari qiyin/xavfli tus olsa, nari borsa, vaziyat eng yomonlashgan taqdirda
at worst - nari borsa, eng yomon holatda
the worst of all/both worlds - har/ikkala tomonlama omadi kelmaslik, ishi yurishmaslik

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#phrases_patterns_collocations

dirty - kir, iflos
do the dirty on - sizga ishonch bildirgan odamni laqqa tushirib ketmoq, ishonchini suiste'mol qilib xiyonat qilmoq
do sb's dirty work - biror kim o'zi qilishni xohlamagan yoqimsiz/insofsiz ishini qilib bermoq
get your hands dirty - jismoniy mehnat qilmoq
give sb a dirty look - qoshini chimirib qaramoq, jahli chiqib qaramoq
dirty word - uyatsiz so'z, behayo so'z
dirty tricks - nojo'ya harakat, vijdon-axloqsiz ish

fine - yaxshi, a'lo, yuqori darajali, sifatli
cut it fine - biror ish qilish uchun yetarlicha vaqt qoldirmoq
fine by sb - bo'laveradi, biror kim qarshi emas
fine details/points - ko'rishga yoki tasvirlashga qiyin jihatlari, o'ta mayda detallari
fine line between - ... va ... orasida o'ta ingichka chegara: ya'ni birinchi narsa ikkinchisiga aylanib ketishi oson bo'lgan vaziyat, osongina xatoga yo'l qo'yish mumkin bo'lgan vaziyat
with a fine-tooth(ed) comb - yuqori darajada e'tibor bilan, o'ta diqqat bilan (qidirmoq yoki ko'zdan kechirmoq)
fine print - kelishuv/qonuniy hujjatning o'ta kichik harflarda yozilgan, ammo muhim bo'lgan detallari

fresh - svejiy, yap-yangi
fresh from - 1) ...dan endigina uzilgan; 2) biror tajribani yaqinda boshidan kechirgan, ...dan yaqinda kelgan
fresh out of - yaqindagina ...ning hammasi ishlatib tugatib bo'lindi
fresh-faced - yuzi yosh va sog'lom ko'rinishli
freshwater - tuzsiz, chuchuk suvli
fresh start - yangitdan boshlash, yangicha, boshqacha hayot tarzini boshlash
fresh air - toza havo

new - yangi
new to - ...ga yangi kelgan, ...bilan hali tanish emas
brand new - yap-yangi
whole new - butunlay yangi, tubdan o'zgacha
good as new - xuddi yangidek, (yangi bo'lgan paytidagidek) yaxshi holatda
new-look - yangicha ko'rinish, yangicha rusum, stil
new age - zamonaviy ga'rb hayot tarzidan farq qiladigan va oddiy hayotni afzal ko'radigan

nice - yaxshi, ajoyib, yoqimli
nice of sb (to do) - biror kim (...qilgani) iltifotli ish (bo'ldi)
nice for sb (to do) - (...qilish) biror kim uchun yaxshi
nice to sb - biror kimga mehribon, do'stona muomalada
nice to meet/see sb - biror kimni uchratib qolish/ko'rishib qolish ajoyib (bo'ldi)
nice and warm/comfortable/clean - issiqqina/qulaygina/top-toza (nice and... - sifatni biroz bo'rttirish uchun qo'llaniladi)
nice as pie - juda muloyim, mushukdek yuvosh
nice one - 1) zo'rku! yaxshi bo'l(ib)di!; 2) juda kulguli!

old - qari, keksa
get/grow old - qarimoq, keksaymoq
poor old - bechoragina (asosan achinish, ba'zan esa hurmatsizlik ma'nosida)
old age - keksalik davri, qarilik payti
old flame - sobiq mashuqasi, oldingiz muhabbati/sevgilisi
old folk(s) - qariya(lar), yoshi katta odam(lar)
old hand - ustasi farang, biror narsada ko'p tajriba va mahoratga ega odam
old hat - eskirgan, modadan qolgan narsa
old people's home - qariyalar uyi
the Old Testament - Injil (Biblya) kitobining birinchi bobi: Iso alayhissalomning dunyoga kelishidan avvalgi yaxudiylarning tarixi, aqidalari va Xudo bilan aloqalari haqidagi hikoyalarni o'z ichiga olgan

quality - sifat
high/good/top quality - yuqori/yaxshi/eng zo'r sifatli
poor/bad/low quality - talabga javob bermaydigan/yomon/quyi sifatli ≈ sifatsiz
personal qualities - shaxsiy xislatlar
leadership qualities - liderlik sifatlari
quality control - sifat nazorati
quality of life - yashash sifati, hayot kechirish sharoitlari, qulayliklari
quality time - (asosan bola-chaqa va oila bilan, bor e'tiborini berib) sifatli vaqt (o'tkazish)

style - stil, rusum, fason
style sth/yourself as - biror narsani/o'zini ...deb nomlab olmoq
style of - ...ning uslubi, usuli, tarzi
in style - 1) fasonda, modada; 2) o'zgacha usulda, dabdabali
out of style - modadan qolgan
with style - did bilan, stil bilan, elegantlik tarzda

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#phrases_patterns_collocations

art - san'at
have/get sth down to a fine art - ...ni yaxshi o'rganib olmoq
art of doing - ...qilish san'ati, mahorati
art to doing - ...qilishning o'ziga yarasha sir-asrorlari, uslublari
art deco - yorqin rangli geometrik shakllar bilan bezash san'ati
art form - 1) san'at turi; 2) san'at darajasi: tasavvur va did bilan qilish
art gallery - san'at galareyasi
art house - kichik kino kompaniyalari tomonidan suratga olingan va odatda kamroq tomoshabin tomosha qiladigan filmlarni namoyish etuvchi kinoteatr

bad - yomon
go bad - yomon bo'lib qolmoq, achimoq, aynimoq
go from bad to worse - o'zi shundoq ham yomon vaziyat yanada yomonlashmoq
feel bad (about) - (...haqida) o'zini aybdor his qilmoq yoki achinmoq, rahmi kelmoq
bad for - ...uchun zararli, ziyonli
bad at (doing) - (...qilishga) qodir emas, (...qilish) qo'lidan kelmaydigan
in a bad way - yomon holatda, og'ir ahvolda
(in) bad faith - qilayotgan ishi noto'g'ri ekanligini o'zi ham oldindan bilib turib
bad apple - boshqalarni ham bulg'aydigan odam/narsa
bad blood - (...o'rtasidagi) nafrat, xusumat, adovat

best - eng yaxshisi
make the best of - yomon/qiyin vaziyatni boricha qabul qilmoq va undan unumli foydalanmoq
do your best - qo'lidan kelgancha yaxshi bajarmoq
(all) for the best - (hammasi) yaxshilikka, bahayr
at best - nari borsa, eng yaxshi variantni aytadigan bo'lsam...
at your best - o'zining eng zo'r formasida/holatida
to the best of my knowledge - bilishimcha
to the best of sb's ability - biror kimning qo'lidan kelgancha, qurbi yetgancha, imkoni boricha
the best of both worlds - bitta o'q bilan ikki quyonni urmoq, ikkisidan ham rohatlanmoq
best friend - eng yaqin do'st

better - yaxshiroq
get better - yaxshilanmoq, yaxshiroq bo'lib bormoq
get the better of - ...dan ustun kelmoq, ...ni mag'lub qilmoq
had better - ...qilgani yaxshi, qilishi kerak
(all) the better for - sog'lig'i/ahvoli yaxshiroq
better than nothing - yo'qdan ko'ra, boriga baraka, boriga shukur
better luck next time - hech qisi yo'q keyingi safar yaxshi bo'ladi (omadi chopmagan odamni ruhlantirish uchun)
better off - 1) boyroq, o'ziga to'q, ko'proq pulga ega; 2) yaxshiroq holatda bo'lmoq, - gani yaxshi
better yet - undan ham yaxshirog'i
for better or (for) worse - yaxshimi (yoki) yomonmi, uni o'zgartirib bo'lmaydi
better half - turmush o'rtoq, sevgilisi

bottom - tub, eng tagi, pastki qismi
come bottom - musobaqada eng oxirgi o'rinda bo'lmoq
get to the bottom of - ...ning tagiga yetmoq, haqiqiy sababini topmoq
the bottom drops/falls out of - ...ning savdosi to'xtamoq, mahsuloti o'tmay qolmoq
at the bottom (of) - (...ning) tagida
from the bottom of my heart - chin yurakdan, chin dildan, chin qalbimdan
bottom line - eng asosiy narsa ..., gapning qisqasi, xullas kalom

clean - toza
give sth a (good) clean - ...ni (yaxshilab) tozalamoq
make a clean break - aloqalarni batamom uzmoq, butunlay ketmoq
make a clean breast of - to'g'risini aytmoq, haqiqatni aytmoq, yorilmoq
clean and tidy - toza va ozoda, saranjom-sarishta
a clean bill of health - biror kim sog'lom ekanligi yoki biror narsa yaxshi holatda ekanligi haqida hisobot
a clean slate/sheet - umuman xato/yomon ish qilmaganligingiz, umuman dog' tushmaganligini ko'rsatuvchi qaydnoma
clean sweep - 1) keraksiz xodimlar/narsalarni kompaniyadan butunlay yo'q qilish, keraksiz odamlardan/narsalardan tozalamoq; 2) sovrinlarning hammasini ilib ketmoq, butunlay g'olib chiqmoq

clear
make/get sth clear - tushunarli qilib aytmoq, aniq qilib bildirmoq/aniqlashtirib olmoq
make yourself clear - o'zini aniq ifodalamoq, gapini tushunarli qilmoq
(have) a clear conscience - to'g'ri ish qilganini (his qilmoq)
clear in your mind (about) - (...borada) shubhasi yo'q, aniq fikrga ega
clear as a bell - aniq-tiniq (ovozga nisabat)
clear as mud - umuman aniq emas, tushunarsiz, mujmal, chigal
clear case (of) - (...ning) xuddi o'zginasi, yaqqol misoli
clear evidence/indication - aqiq dalil/yaqqol belgi, ko'rsatkich

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#phrasal_verbs

brighten up - yorishmoq
brush up (on) - bilimini yaxshilamoq
check out - tekshirib ko'rmoq
liven up - jonlantirmoq
make over - ko’rinishini o'zgartirmoq
mess up - rasvo qilib qoymoq
paper over - muammoni yashirib qoymoq
patch up - qo'l uchida tuzatmoq;
yarashmoq (do'sti bilan)
pick up - yaxshilamoq
run down - orqaga ketmoq, yomonlashmoq
scrape through - bir amalab muvofaquyatga erishmoq
smarten up - sayqal bermoq, oro bermoq
stand out - ajralib turmoq
touch up - oddiy harakatlar bilan sayqalamoq
waste away - kuchsizlanib qolmoq
write off - foydasiz deb topmoq

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#topic_vocabulary: The arts

abstract - mavhum, aniq bo'lmagan
auction - auktsion
audition - kastingdagi ijro
bestseller - bestseller
collector's item - kolleksiya buyumi
curator - musey xodimi
fine art - amaliy san'at
installation - san'at asari jamlanmasi
lines - aktyor so'zi
lyrics - lirika
masterpiece - shox asar
paperback - qog'oz muqovali kitob
period - davr
priceless - bebaho
recital - ifoda etish, aytib berish
retrospective - o'tmishga qaratilgan
score - soundtrek
sketch - eskiz, eskiz chizmoq, skech
work of art - sa'at asari
worthless - qiymatsiz

@destination_b1_b2_c1

Destination C1&C2

Unit 22. Quality and the arts

#topic_vocabulary: Quality

aggravate - yomonlashtirmoq
better - yaxshilanmoq, yaxshilamoq
blemish - dog', xarob qilmoq
chaos - o'ta tartibsizlik
cheapen - arzonlashmoq
contaminate - iflos qilmoq
decay - yiringlamoq
decline - pasaymoq, tushmoq
defective - nuqsonli
detrimental - zararli, zarar yetkazadigan
devastate - xarob qilmoq
enhance - oshirmoq, kuchaytirmoq
evaluate - baholamoq, narx qo'ymoq
exacerbate - kuchaytirmoq(kasalni, muammoni)
exquisite - juda chiroyli
first rate - birinchi darjali
flaw - kamchilik
ideal - bekamu ko'st
inadequate - talabga javob bermaydigan
invaluable - qimmatbaho, bebaho
optimum - juda yaxshi sharoit
outclass - ancha yaxshi bo'lmoq
prime - bosh, muhim, asosiy
redeeming feature - ijobiy sifat(xislat)
refurbish - yangilamoq
reinforce - mustahkamlamoq,
renovate - ta'mirlamoq
rotten - chirigan
rusty - zanglagan
satisfactory - qoniqarli
shambles - tartibsizllik, xaroba, vayrona
shoddy - sohta, yasama, qalbaki
sound - to'la, samarali,
stale - eskirgan, aynigan
streamline - yaxshilamoq
strengthen - mustahkamlamoq, kuchaytirmoq
surpass - oshib ketmoq, ustun kelmoq
ultimate - oxirgi, maksimal
worsen - yomonlashmoq
wreck - barbod bo'lmoq, halokatga uchramoq

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#word_formation

aggression - tajovuz, hujum
aggressiveness - tajovuzkorlik, hujumkorlik
aggressor - tajovuzkor, bosqinchi
aggressive(ly) - agressiv

argue - bahslashmoq, isbot qilmoq
argument - bahs, dalil
argumentative(ly) - bahsli (tarzda)
arguable - munozarali
unarguable - tortishib bo'lmaydi
arguably - bahslashish mumkin

charity - xayriya
charitablenes - xayriya
charitable - muhtojlarga yordam beruvchi
uncharitable - rahmsiz
uncharitably - shafqatsiz

crime - jinoyat, hukm chiqarmoq
criminalise - jinoiy javobgarlikka tortish
decriminalise -dekriminallashtirish
criminal - jinoyatchi
criminality - jinoyatchilik
criminally - jinoiy

dominate - hukmdorlik qilmoq
domineer - idora qilmoq
domination - ustuvorlik, hukmronlik
(pre)dominance - ustunlik
dominant - hokim, hukmron
domineering - mustabidlarcha
dominating - qo'lga olmoq
predominant(ly) - asosan

duty - majburiyat, burch
dutiful - sharafli, itoatli
dutifully - ovozdan

example - misol, namuna
exemplify - misol bilan tushuntirmoq
exemplification - misol bilan tushuntirish, hujjatning tasdiqlangan nusxasi
exemplary - namunali

govern - boshqarmoq
misgovern - noto'g'ri boshqarmoq
government - hukumat, davlat
governor - hokim
governess - murabbiya
governing - boshqaruv
governmental - hukumatga oid
ungovernable - gapga kirmaydigan, idora etib bo'lmaydigan

hard - qattiq
harden - qotmoq, qattiqlashmoq
hardship - qiyinchilik
hardness - qattiqlik, mustahkamlik
hardy - jasur
hardly - qiyinchilik bilan

indicate - ko'rsatmoq
indication - ko'rsatma
indicator - ko'rsatkich
indicative - ko'rsatuvchi

institute -institut, o'rnatmoq
institutionalise - institutsionallashtirish
institution - muassasa, tashkilot
institutional - ta'sis etilgan
institutionalised - institutsionallashtirilgan

might - mumkin
mighty - qudratli
mightily - kuchli

moral - ahloqiy
moralise - axloqiylashtirish
demoralise - ruhiy tushkunlikka tushirish
(im/a)morality - ahloq/ahloqsizlik
moralist - axloqshunos
morale - ruhiy holat
(im/a)moral - ahloqiy/axloqsiz
(im/a)morally - axloqiy jihatdan/axloqsiz

office - idora
officiate - amaldor
official(dom) - rasmiy(lik)
officer - ofitser
officious - rasmiy
official(ly) - rasmiy/rasman
unofficial(ly) - norasmiy

permit - ruxsat
permission - ruxsat
permissiveness - ruxsat berish
permissible - joiz
permissive - ruxsat beruvchi

persuade - ishontirmoq
dissuade - ko'ndirmoq
persuasion - ishontirish
persuasiveness - ishontirish
persuasive(ly) - ishontiruvchi(ishonarli)/ishontirish bilan

power - kuch
empower - kuch berish
overpower - ustunlik qilish
empowerment - vakolat berish
powerlessness - kuchsizlik
powerful(ly) - kuchli(lik)
powerless(ly) - kuchsiz(lik)

prejudice - xurofot
(un)prejudiced - noto'g'ri/beg'araz
prejudicial - noto'g'ri

provoke - qo'zg'atmoq
provocation - provokatsiya
provocative(ly) - provokatsion (tarzda)

signify - bildirmoq
(in)significance - ahamiyati/ahamiyatsizlik
significant(ly) - sezilarli(darajada)
insignificant(ly) - ahamiyatsiz

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#idioms

bury your head in the sand - vaziyatning haqiqatiga ataylab e'tibor bermaslik; muammo yo'qdek ko'rsatish
gain/get/have/take the upper hand - shaxs yoki vaziyat ustidan nazorat yoki afzalliklarga ega bo'lish/olish/egallash
get/have your way - hohlagan narsasiga ega bo'lishga yoki qilishga ruxsati bor bo'lmoq
live and let live - chidamli bo'lish; hayot taqdim etgan zavq va imkoniyatlardan bahramand bo'lish va boshqalarga ham shunday qilishiga imkon berish
pull (a few) strings - oʻzining ta'siridan xohlagan narsangizga erishish yoki kimgadir yordam berish uchun foydalanish
red tape - kechikishlarga olib keladigan hujjatlar, qoidalar yoki jarayonlar
take the law into your own hands - ko'pincha politsiya yoki sudlarni jalb qilmasdan kimnidir o'z yo'lida jazolash, odatda o'zi noqonuniy biror narsa qilish orqali
the powers that be - vaziyatni boshqaradigan odamlar
throw the book at sb - birovni juda qattiq jazolash
under sb’s thumb - butunlay boshqa birov tomonidan boshqariladigan

@destination_b1_b2_c1

#phrases_patterns_collocations

prison - qamoq, qamoqxona
go to prison - qamoqqa tushmoq
send sb to prison - ...ni qamoqqa hukm qilmoq
in prison - qamoqda
prison term - qamoq muddati
prison sentence - qamoq jazosi, qamoq hukmi
prison reform - qamoqxona islohoti
prison officer - qamoqxona xodimi
open prison - yengil nazoratdagi qamoqxona

provoke - qo'zg'atmoq
provoke sb into doing - biror kimni jahlini chiqaradigan narsa aytib, atayin biror narsa qilishiga sabab bo'lmoq
provoke a reaction/protest/response - biror reaksiya/e'tiroz/javobni uyg'otmoq, qo'zg'atmoq
provoke outrage - achchiqlanish va g'azab hissini uyg'otmoq, qo'zg'atmoq

right - haq-huquq
have a/the/no/every right to do - ...qilishga haqqi bo'lmoq/bo'lmaslik
give sb the right to do - biror kimga ...qilishga huquq bermoq
right and wrong - haq va nohaq
right in saying/thinking/believing - to'g'ri aytmoq/o'ylamoq/ishonmoq
right (of sb) to do - (biror kim) ...qilgani to'g'ri bo'lgan
equal rights - hamma uchun tenglik, birdek haq-huquqlar
human rights - inson huquqlari
animal rights - hayvon huquqlari (= ovlanmaslik, tibbiy tadqiqotlar uchun foydalanmaslik)

rule - qoida
break/bend/follow the rules - qoidalarni buzmoq/biror kishi uchun maxsus o'zgartirmoq/amal qilmoq
against the rules - qoidalarga qarshi
as a rule - odatda, lekin har doim ham emas
rule of law - tartib qoidalar, qonun qoidalar
rule of thumb - shaxsiy tajrimbamga ko'ra
rules and regulations - qonun-qoidalar, nizomlar

sentence - hukm, jazo
sentence sb to - biror kimga ...muddatlik qamoq jazosi tayinlamoq
pass sentence - sudda jazoni o'qib eshittirmoq
serve a sentence (of five years, etc) - (5 yil) qamoq jazosini o'tamoq
prison sentence - qamoq jazosi hukmi
death sentence - o'lim jazosi hukmi

social - ijtimoiy, jamiyat bilan bog'liq
social conditions - ijtimoiy shart-sharoitlar
social contact - jamiyatda odamlar bilan aloqa qilish
social security - davlat tomonidan muhtojlarga (kambag'allar, ishsizlar, kasallarga) ta'minlanadigan pul, moliyaviy yordam
social services - muhtojlarga yordam berish xizmatlari tizimi/bo'limi
social call - moliyaviy yoki oilaviy muammosi bor odamlarning uyiga qisqa tashrif
social worker - moliyaviy yoki oilaviy muammosi bor odamlarga yordam va maslahat beruvchi kasb egasi
social club - ijtimoiy klub: yangi do'stlar orttirilib, turli mashg'ulotlar bilan shug'ullaniladi
social life - ijtimoiy hayot: do'stlar, boshqa odamlar bilan uchrashuvlar

subject - mavzu, masala
subject sb to - qiynoqqa duchor qilmoq/bo'lmoq, bilan qiynamoq
bring up / get onto a subject - biror mavzu haqida gap ochmoq/o'tmoq
drop/change the subject - mavzuni to'xtatmoq/o'zgartirmoq
subject to - ga moyil, ...tufayli nimadir bo'lish ehtimoli bor
the subject of - ...ning mavzusi, muhokama qilinayotgan narsa/odam
British subject - Britaniya fuqarosi

@destination_b1_b2_c1