1) Chronicle (noun)
Definition: A detailed and factual record of events in the order they happened.
Translation: Xronika, voqealar ketma-ketligi
Example: This reading passage is a chronicle of timekeeping history.
2) Timekeeping (noun)
Definition: The activity of recording or measuring time.
Translation: Vaqtni hisoblash, vaqtni o‘lchash
Example: Modern devices have revolutionized timekeeping.
3) Conception (noun)
Definition: An understanding or view of something.
Translation: Tasavvur, tushuncha
Example: Our conception of time depends on how we measure it.
4) Depend on (phrasal verb)
Definition: To be influenced or determined by something.
Translation: Bog‘liq bo‘lmoq, tayanmoq
Example: Time measurement methods depend on technological advances.
5) Naturally (adverb)
Definition: In a way that is expected or typical.
Translation: Tabiiy ravishda, o‘z-o‘zidan
Example: Mechanical clocks were naturally suited for equal hours.
6) Equal (adjective)
Definition: The same in size, amount, or value.
Translation: Teng
Example: Time was divided into 24 equal parts.
7) Counting (noun)
Definition: The process of finding the total number of something.
Translation: Sanash, hisoblash
Example: Deciding when to start counting was a challenge in early timekeeping.
8) And so (phrase)
Definition: Therefore; as a result.
Translation: va shunday qilib
Example: And so, new time divisions were created.
9) Sunrise (noun)
Definition: The time in the morning when the sun appears.
Translation: Quyosh chiqish payti, sahar
Example: Babylonian hours began at sunrise.
10) Midday (noun)
Definition: The middle of the day; 12:00 pm.
Translation: Tush payti, kun yarmi
Example: Astronomical hours were measured at midday.
11) Eventually (adverb)
Definition: In the end, especially after a long time.
Translation: Oxir-oqibat, axiyri
Example: Eventually, the French hours system became standard.
12) Commence (verb)
Definition: To begin or start.
Translation: Boshlamoq
Example: The day was split into two periods commencing at midnight.
13) Midnight (noun)
Definition: 12 o’clock at night.
Translation: Yarim tun
Example: French hours began at midnight.
14) Timekeeper (noun)
Definition: A device or person that measures time.
Translation: Vaqtni hisoblab boradigan qurilma yoki shaxs
Example: The earliest mechanical timekeeper was built in England.
15) Motive (adjective)
Definition: Producing movement or force.
Translation: Harakatga keltiruvchi
Example: The clock used motive force from a weight.
16) Force (noun)
Definition: Strength or energy as an attribute of physical action.
Translation: Kuch
Example: The escapement transferred the force to the gear wheels.
17) Transfer (verb)
Definition: To move from one place to another.
Translation: O‘tkazmoq, ko‘chirmoq
Example: The mechanism transferred power to the clock's hands.
18) Escapement (noun)
Definition: A device in a clock that controls the movement of its parts.
Translation: soatning katta tishli g‘ildirak qismi
Example: The escapement was a revolutionary invention.
19) Coil (noun)
Definition: A loop of wire or string wound in a spiral.
Translation: o‘ralgan sim o‘rami
Example: The coiled spring replaced older mechanisms.
20) Spring (noun)
Definition: An elastic device that stores energy.
Translation: Prujina
Example: The mainspring provided constant force to the clock.
21) Fusee (noun)
Definition: A conical pulley in a clock that regulates tension.
Translation: konus shaklida yig‘ilgan tishli g‘ildiraklar to‘plami
Example: The fusee maintained constant force in the early timekeeper.
22) Mainspring (noun)
Definition: The principal spring in a mechanical clock.
Translation: Asosiy prujina, asosiy yurgizadigan mexanizm
Example: The mainspring improved the accuracy of clocks.
23) Pendulum (noun)
Definition: A weight that swings back and forth to regulate a clock.
Translation: Mayatnik (matematik mayatnik)
Example: The pendulum revolutionized timekeeping accuracy.
Definition: A detailed and factual record of events in the order they happened.
Translation: Xronika, voqealar ketma-ketligi
Example: This reading passage is a chronicle of timekeeping history.
2) Timekeeping (noun)
Definition: The activity of recording or measuring time.
Translation: Vaqtni hisoblash, vaqtni o‘lchash
Example: Modern devices have revolutionized timekeeping.
3) Conception (noun)
Definition: An understanding or view of something.
Translation: Tasavvur, tushuncha
Example: Our conception of time depends on how we measure it.
4) Depend on (phrasal verb)
Definition: To be influenced or determined by something.
Translation: Bog‘liq bo‘lmoq, tayanmoq
Example: Time measurement methods depend on technological advances.
5) Naturally (adverb)
Definition: In a way that is expected or typical.
Translation: Tabiiy ravishda, o‘z-o‘zidan
Example: Mechanical clocks were naturally suited for equal hours.
6) Equal (adjective)
Definition: The same in size, amount, or value.
Translation: Teng
Example: Time was divided into 24 equal parts.
7) Counting (noun)
Definition: The process of finding the total number of something.
Translation: Sanash, hisoblash
Example: Deciding when to start counting was a challenge in early timekeeping.
8) And so (phrase)
Definition: Therefore; as a result.
Translation: va shunday qilib
Example: And so, new time divisions were created.
9) Sunrise (noun)
Definition: The time in the morning when the sun appears.
Translation: Quyosh chiqish payti, sahar
Example: Babylonian hours began at sunrise.
10) Midday (noun)
Definition: The middle of the day; 12:00 pm.
Translation: Tush payti, kun yarmi
Example: Astronomical hours were measured at midday.
11) Eventually (adverb)
Definition: In the end, especially after a long time.
Translation: Oxir-oqibat, axiyri
Example: Eventually, the French hours system became standard.
12) Commence (verb)
Definition: To begin or start.
Translation: Boshlamoq
Example: The day was split into two periods commencing at midnight.
13) Midnight (noun)
Definition: 12 o’clock at night.
Translation: Yarim tun
Example: French hours began at midnight.
14) Timekeeper (noun)
Definition: A device or person that measures time.
Translation: Vaqtni hisoblab boradigan qurilma yoki shaxs
Example: The earliest mechanical timekeeper was built in England.
15) Motive (adjective)
Definition: Producing movement or force.
Translation: Harakatga keltiruvchi
Example: The clock used motive force from a weight.
16) Force (noun)
Definition: Strength or energy as an attribute of physical action.
Translation: Kuch
Example: The escapement transferred the force to the gear wheels.
17) Transfer (verb)
Definition: To move from one place to another.
Translation: O‘tkazmoq, ko‘chirmoq
Example: The mechanism transferred power to the clock's hands.
18) Escapement (noun)
Definition: A device in a clock that controls the movement of its parts.
Translation: soatning katta tishli g‘ildirak qismi
Example: The escapement was a revolutionary invention.
19) Coil (noun)
Definition: A loop of wire or string wound in a spiral.
Translation: o‘ralgan sim o‘rami
Example: The coiled spring replaced older mechanisms.
20) Spring (noun)
Definition: An elastic device that stores energy.
Translation: Prujina
Example: The mainspring provided constant force to the clock.
21) Fusee (noun)
Definition: A conical pulley in a clock that regulates tension.
Translation: konus shaklida yig‘ilgan tishli g‘ildiraklar to‘plami
Example: The fusee maintained constant force in the early timekeeper.
22) Mainspring (noun)
Definition: The principal spring in a mechanical clock.
Translation: Asosiy prujina, asosiy yurgizadigan mexanizm
Example: The mainspring improved the accuracy of clocks.
23) Pendulum (noun)
Definition: A weight that swings back and forth to regulate a clock.
Translation: Mayatnik (matematik mayatnik)
Example: The pendulum revolutionized timekeeping accuracy.