🔥🔥🔥High Level Grammar 🔥🔥🔥

"Lest" – bu rasmiy yoki eski uslubdagi bog‘lovchi bo‘lib, "otherwise" yoki "in order to prevent something" (biror narsani oldini olish uchun) ma’nosida ishlatiladi. Odatda, subjunctive (bare infinitive) yoki should bilan keladi.

✅ "Lest" + subjunctive (bare infinitive)

Bu eng rasmiy va eski uslubdagi qo‘llanilishidir. Fe’l hech qanday qo‘shimchasiz (infinitive) ishlatiladi:

✔ She spoke in a low voice lest anyone hear her.
(U hech kim uni eshitib qolmasin deb past ovozda gapirdi.)

✔ He ran fast lest he be late.
(U kech qomaslik maqsadida tez yugurdi.)

✅ "Lest" + should + verb

Bu zamonaviy ingliz tilida ko‘proq ishlatiladi:

✔ She took an umbrella lest it should rain.
(Yomg'ir yog'ib qolmasin deb soyabon olvoldi.)

✔ He wrote it down lest he should forget.
(U unutib qo'ymaslik maqsadida uni yozib oldi.)

✅ "Lest" ni "so that...not" bilan almashtirish mumkin

Ko‘pchilik ingliz tilida "lest" kam ishlatilgani uchun uning o‘rniga quyidagi tuzilma ishlatiladi:

🔹 She spoke in a low voice so that no one would hear her.
🔹 He took an umbrella so that he wouldn't get wet.

Bu 👆 zamonaviy va kundalik tilda ko‘proq uchraydi.

@EnglishwithErgashevich