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🔠Bio Technology

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📹 IELTS Speaking Band 9 Candidate Azerbaijan

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✒️ People work hard and earn money which ideally they would like to retain for themselves. However, a significant portion of this usually has to be given to the state. In my view, it is right that people pay their fair share of taxes.

Money is everything in today’s livelihoods. This is because money is used to buy all the necessities such as food, water, and shelter. Money is also used to help a family’s children in the form of school fees and other activities. In addition to this, people do not only need money to cater for their necessities, but also for future investments. The more that people have to invest, the more they believe they can accumulate in the long term. As a result, many are reluctant to lose some of their income through the deduction of tax.

Nevertheless, citizens should be obliged to pay taxes to the government for a number of reasons. They should accept that the taxes they pay help the government offer them the public services all over the country. These public services are things such as the construction of roads, bridges, public hospitals, parks and other public services. The same tax money helps the country’s economy to be stable. Through taxes, the government can pay off its debts. In short, tax money is a way of ensuring that people have comfortable livelihoods.

In conclusion, even though many people think that they should not pay taxes, that money is useful to the stability of any country. Therefore, people should not avoid paying taxes as it may affect the country’s economy and services that it provides.

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❤️ Useful vocabulary and structures: 🥰

There are a variety of forces that drive this issue: There are many reasons for this.

Speed up (v.) make something happen faster.

Lax regulations: regulations that not many people follow because they are not strict.

The exhaustion of natural resources: The fact that natural resources become rarer.

Bare (adj.) - not covered by anything

To put something into operation: to run it.

To lush with countless species of trees: to be full of trees.

A thorny issue: a complicated issue.

To incur high costs: to be expensive.

To stagnate the economy: make the economy worse

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✒️ The consumption of the world’s resources (oil, and water etc.) is increasing at a dangerous rate. What are causes and solutions?

Recently, the rapid consumption of the world’s resources such as oil, fresh water or mineral deposits has inflicted detrimental effects on both human kind and other species. In this essay, some causes and solutions to this issue will be cited.

There are a variety of forces that drive this issue. First of all, the populations in many countries, especially the developing ones have risen tremendously, which speeds up industrialisation to meet the growing demands of the rising number of people. This is clearly reflected in China where hundreds of factories are established and put into operation on a daily basis to accommodate more than 1.3 billion residents. Second of all, the combination of low awareness of the citizens and lax regulations from the government has contributed to the exhaustion of natural resources in many areas. For example, in the middle highland of Vietnam which used to lush with countless species of trees, the forest has now been bare due to these two reasons.

Although this is a thorny issue, it can be dealt with by some methods. The first one is imposing population control. It is my opinion that this should be considered temporary as in the long run, it can create aging population and poor quality labour force. The second solution is raising the awareness of citizens about the importance of preserving and protecting the world’s resources. This can be done by organizing educational programs or school activities. The third is seeking alternative sources of energy. Although this can be risky and incur high costs, it can bring many promising results. In addition, the government can pass and enforce stricter laws, along with impose higher taxes on businesses which operate on the use of resources, however, it can stagnate the economy.

All things considered, the excessive use of resources is caused by many factors and it can be bridled by the aforementioned methods.

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✒️ Having police officers patrolling the streets is often considered an essential way to reduce crime. How effective do you think police street patrols are? What other ways of reducing crime can you propose?

We are all keen to reduce crime wherever possible, and the role of visible policing is a hotly debated part of this. Personally, I feel that street patrols are highly effective, although there are several supplementary methods too.

Regarding the effectiveness of patrols, evidence suggests that an increase in police on the streets leads directly to a drop in crime, especially crimes of violence and robbery. This was the experience of New York when it adopted the ‘zero tolerance’ policy in the 1990s, a high-profile policing tactic which has been extended successfully to many other cities worldwide. When compared to other tactics that have been tried, ranging from citizen patrols to CCTV, there is little doubt that assertive police patrolling is the most effective resource we have.

Turning to other methods, we should supplement police patrols with coordinated action elsewhere in the state. For instance, the courts should be prepared to issue deterrent sentences and prisons should be run strictly. This would help to deter people from committing crimes in the first place. Secondly, we should increase the resources available to the police away from the streets as well, for instance in detective and forensic departments, hopefully ensuring that detection rates are high when crimes do occur. Moreover, individuals and businesses should step up their own security arrangements to complement the police presence. For example, improved locks and lighting are simple measures which can reduce theft and burglary.

All in all, I feel that visible police patrols have been proved to be the most effective way to reduce common crimes. Their effectiveness can be maximized by supporting action from elsewhere in the police and justice system, and by private citizens doing their part as well.

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✒️ In many countries today, there are concerns about the unhealthy lifestyles that people lead. What health issues are linked to modern lifestyles? What answers to these problems can you suggest?

Most people agree that modern lifestyles can be unhealthy, both physically and mentally. I believe there are three main problems, but also some practical steps we can take.

Perhaps the largest problem is the issue of obesity, which is growing drastically in most Western countries. With people working at desks and using transport rather than walking, weight gain seems inevitable, and being overweight causes various medical issues including heart trouble and strokes. Another major problem linked to lifestyle is poor diet, with people who are short of time eating junk food rather than proper nutrients. Resultant health problems range from obesity to high cholesterol and even organ failure. Finally, we must consider the issue of mental health. Modern lifestyles are highly pressurised, with people expected to work at a fast pace for extended periods, and little scope for family life or relaxation, leading to enormous stress and anxiety.

Turning to possible solutions, the biggest step would be to improve the level of education regarding health issues connected to lifestyle, especially obesity. The government, media and schools should work together to raise awareness of the dangers and to promote sports and other positive practices. A further step would be to use legislation to curb the consumption of unhealthy foods, for example by imposing higher sales taxes or by restricting availability in retail outlets. Furthermore, to deal with the psychological impacts, we should encourage employers to adopt more flexible working practices, allowing workers to lead a fuller private life with less stress.

Overall, the key problems of obesity and stress can be addressed through a combination of awareness, targeted legislation and better employment practices.

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✒️ Some people believe that a gap year between school and university is a good idea, while others disagree strongly. Consider both sides of this debate and present your own opinion.

While gap years are increasingly popular, they continue to be rather controversial because the benefits are hard to quantify exactly. There are arguments on both sides of this very topical debate, and I will discuss them now.

On the one hand, opponents of gap years point to the cost involved in areas such as air fares, accommodation and living expenses. All this money has to come from the student’s family, or even from borrowing to be paid later. Secondly, it is often said that gap years take a young person’s focus away from studying, and allows them to get involved in distractions such as travelling. This can make it hard to adjust to university life, damaging the student’s performance. Finally, there is a concern over the safety of young people if they are travelling to remote places. Being kidnapped or mugged is a poor start to an academic career, after all.

On the other hand, supporters of gap years say that the skills learned outweigh the disadvantages. They highlight the independence and assertiveness that a student will acquire, in areas such as time management and interpersonal skills. They also say that these skills lead to greater career success later in life, thus cancelling out the costs involved. Furthermore, there are many examples of young people using gap years to achieve something significant, whether in voluntary work or in a sector of business that interests them.

In conclusion, my own feeling is that a year off can indeed be a useful activity, with the experience leading to improved skills that are invaluable in the future. Of course, this is provided that the year is planned carefully and used for something genuinely worthwhile.

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✒️ Many people today are worried about young children using video games. What problems might these games cause, for children and society as a whole? How could these problems be reduced?

The almost universal availability of video games among children has presented us with a number of challenges and decisions, none of which are straightforward. I believe there are three main problems associated with these products, and also three remedies we can adopt.

Perhaps the major problem we need to deal with is the level of violence found in these games. Many of them feature aggressive or warlike characters, ranging from soldiers to criminals and killers. This inevitably leads children to believe that such behaviour is normal, or even desirable. A second issue is the obsessive way that some children use the games – for example, preferring their computers to real friendships, making these children isolated and socially naive. Finally, there are physical effects from excessive gaming, including eye strain, insomnia and damage to posture. These can be difficult to reverse once they have taken hold.

Turning to possible solutions, one key step would be to legislate more strictly to control the content of these games. They could, for instance, be reviewed by censors in the same way that films are. This would prevent unsuitable material influencing young minds. To tackle the problem of obsessive use, we could make more counselling and advice available through schools. On the subject of physical side effects, advice on safe use could be included as part of the packaging or even the game itself, so that youngsters are constantly aware of the risks.

To sum up, this is a problem that has both social and physical effects, and the solution will require combined action by manufacturers, schools and authorities.

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It's about $4.5 million.


44 697 451 000 soums - that’s how much the government will earn on enroleе.

Meanwhile: "SES stole 509 million soums from the anti-crisis fund." © RepostUz

P.S. no comment


✒️ Some people feel that it is always wrong to keep animals in captivity, for instance in zoos. Other people say that there are benefits for the animals and for humans. Discuss both sides of this debate, and give your personal view.

Zoos continue to be controversial, even now that they have evolved into ‘animal parks’ or similar facilities. Most people love animals, and there are strong views on both sides, which I will discuss now.

People opposed to zoos highlight the unnatural way in which animals live in such places. For example, captive animals do not need to hunt or raise offspring, and this means that they are not living as nature intended. Furthermore, the anti-zoo lobby point out that animals probably suffer mentally when kept in captivity, even if their surroundings are spacious and similar to the natural habitat. Symptoms of mental issues range from repetitive behaviour to eating disorders, and these are often seen in captive animals. Lastly, it is often said that zoos add little to animal conservation, which is better served by preserving their habitat.

Conversely, those who support zoos say that in most cases they offer a secure and peaceful setting for animals, for example in high quality wildlife parks or reserves. They add that in many cases, the animals would suffer from loss of habitat or poaching in the wild, and in captivity they are at least safe and able to breed successfully. Finally, zoo enthusiasts feel that zoos and animal parks are part of an integrated system of protecting animals, involving habitat protection, breeding programmes and disease control. This all helps to safeguard endangered species and thus preserve the global ecosystem for the future benefit of all life forms.
Overall, I feel that zoos provide a valuable service to society and the animal world, as they help to protect many species. This outweighs their possible disadvantages, as long as they are properly staffed and maintained.

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