📖Dars #1 Ingliz tilida zamon tushunchasi
🔸Dunyodagi deyarli barcha tillarda zamon kategoriyasi mavjud.
🔸Ingliz tilida zamon tushunchasi “tense” atamasi bilan ifodalanadi.
🔸Macmillian English Dictionary for Advanced Learners lug'atida zamon quyidagicha izohlangan:
▪️tense – a form of verb used for showing when something happens. For example, ‘I goʻ is the present tense and ‘I went’ is the past tense.
ℹ️Ya'ni, zamon- bu biror ish-harakatning qachon sodir boʻlganligini koʻrsatadigan fe’l shaklidir, Masalan “Men boraman” - bu hozirgi zamon, “Men bordim” esa oʻtgan zamondir.
💡Demak, zamon ish-harakatning qachon bajaril(ayot)ganligi nazarda tutadi.
▶️Xulosa: Ish-harakat qachon bajarilayotganligi yoki bajarilganligiga qarab oʻzimizga kerak boʻlgan grammatik qoliplarni (zamonlar shakli) tanlaymiz.
💡Ingliz tilida zamonlar 4 ta katta guruhga boʻlinib oʻrganiladi:
1️⃣Present Tenses: (Hozirgi zamonlar guruhi):
🔸Present Continuous Tense
🔸Present Simple Tense
🔸Present Perfect Tense
🔸Present Perfect Continuous Tense
2️⃣Past Tenses (Oʻtgan zamonlar guruhi):
🔸Past Continuous Tense
🔸Past Simple Tense
🔸Past Perfect Tense
🔸Past Perfect Continuous Tense
3️⃣Future Tenses (Kelasi zamonlar guruhi):
🔸Future Continuous Tense
🔸Future Simple Tense
🔸Future Perfect Tense
🔸Future Perfect Continuous Tense
4️⃣Future in the Past Tenses (Oʻtgan kelasi zamonlar guruhi)
🔸Future Continuous in the Past Tense
🔸Future Simple in the Past Tense
🔸Future Perfect in the Past Tense
🔸Future Perfect Continuous in the Past Tense
💡E’tibor bergan boʻlsangiz, har bir zamon guruhidagi zamonlarda harakatning qay tarzda bajarilishini ifodalashda umumiylik mavjud:
▪️continuous – davomiy zamonlarda ish-harakatning davomiyligi ta'kidlanadi.
🔸I am working – Men ishlayapman. (Present continuous)
🔸I was working - Men ishlayotgan edim. (Past continuous)
🔸I will be working - Men ishlayotgan bo'laman. (Future continuous)
▪️simple- oddiy zamonlarda ish-harakatning sodir boʻlishi yoki boʻlganligi ta'kidlanadi.
🔸I work every day– Men har kuni ishlayman. (Present simple)
🔸I worked yesterday - Men kecha ishladim.(Past simple)
🔸I will work tomorrow - Men ertaga ishlayman. (Future simple)
▪️perfect – tugallangan oddiy zamonlarda ish-harakatning tugallanganligi va natijasi mavjudligi ta'kidlanadi.
🔸I have finished the book – Men kitobni tugatdim. (Present perfect)
🔸I had finished the book - Men kitobni tugatgan edim.(Past perfect)
🔸I will have finished the book - Men kitobni tugatgan bo'laman. (Future perfect)
▪️perfect continuous – tugallangan davomiy zamonlarda ish-harakatning qancha muddat davom etganligi ta'kidlanadi.
🔸I have been working for four hours – Men toʻrt soatdan beri ishlayapman.(Present perfect continuous)
🔸I had been working for four hours – Men toʻrt soatdan beri ishlayotgan edim. (Past perfect continuous)
🔸I will have been working for four hours – Men toʻrt soatdan beri ishlayayotgan bo'laman.(Future perfect continuous)
@Ingliz_tilin_organamiz
🔸Dunyodagi deyarli barcha tillarda zamon kategoriyasi mavjud.
🔸Ingliz tilida zamon tushunchasi “tense” atamasi bilan ifodalanadi.
🔸Macmillian English Dictionary for Advanced Learners lug'atida zamon quyidagicha izohlangan:
▪️tense – a form of verb used for showing when something happens. For example, ‘I goʻ is the present tense and ‘I went’ is the past tense.
ℹ️Ya'ni, zamon- bu biror ish-harakatning qachon sodir boʻlganligini koʻrsatadigan fe’l shaklidir, Masalan “Men boraman” - bu hozirgi zamon, “Men bordim” esa oʻtgan zamondir.
💡Demak, zamon ish-harakatning qachon bajaril(ayot)ganligi nazarda tutadi.
▶️Xulosa: Ish-harakat qachon bajarilayotganligi yoki bajarilganligiga qarab oʻzimizga kerak boʻlgan grammatik qoliplarni (zamonlar shakli) tanlaymiz.
💡Ingliz tilida zamonlar 4 ta katta guruhga boʻlinib oʻrganiladi:
1️⃣Present Tenses: (Hozirgi zamonlar guruhi):
🔸Present Continuous Tense
🔸Present Simple Tense
🔸Present Perfect Tense
🔸Present Perfect Continuous Tense
2️⃣Past Tenses (Oʻtgan zamonlar guruhi):
🔸Past Continuous Tense
🔸Past Simple Tense
🔸Past Perfect Tense
🔸Past Perfect Continuous Tense
3️⃣Future Tenses (Kelasi zamonlar guruhi):
🔸Future Continuous Tense
🔸Future Simple Tense
🔸Future Perfect Tense
🔸Future Perfect Continuous Tense
4️⃣Future in the Past Tenses (Oʻtgan kelasi zamonlar guruhi)
🔸Future Continuous in the Past Tense
🔸Future Simple in the Past Tense
🔸Future Perfect in the Past Tense
🔸Future Perfect Continuous in the Past Tense
💡E’tibor bergan boʻlsangiz, har bir zamon guruhidagi zamonlarda harakatning qay tarzda bajarilishini ifodalashda umumiylik mavjud:
▪️continuous – davomiy zamonlarda ish-harakatning davomiyligi ta'kidlanadi.
🔸I am working – Men ishlayapman. (Present continuous)
🔸I was working - Men ishlayotgan edim. (Past continuous)
🔸I will be working - Men ishlayotgan bo'laman. (Future continuous)
▪️simple- oddiy zamonlarda ish-harakatning sodir boʻlishi yoki boʻlganligi ta'kidlanadi.
🔸I work every day– Men har kuni ishlayman. (Present simple)
🔸I worked yesterday - Men kecha ishladim.(Past simple)
🔸I will work tomorrow - Men ertaga ishlayman. (Future simple)
▪️perfect – tugallangan oddiy zamonlarda ish-harakatning tugallanganligi va natijasi mavjudligi ta'kidlanadi.
🔸I have finished the book – Men kitobni tugatdim. (Present perfect)
🔸I had finished the book - Men kitobni tugatgan edim.(Past perfect)
🔸I will have finished the book - Men kitobni tugatgan bo'laman. (Future perfect)
▪️perfect continuous – tugallangan davomiy zamonlarda ish-harakatning qancha muddat davom etganligi ta'kidlanadi.
🔸I have been working for four hours – Men toʻrt soatdan beri ishlayapman.(Present perfect continuous)
🔸I had been working for four hours – Men toʻrt soatdan beri ishlayotgan edim. (Past perfect continuous)
🔸I will have been working for four hours – Men toʻrt soatdan beri ishlayayotgan bo'laman.(Future perfect continuous)
@Ingliz_tilin_organamiz